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Scratchbuilding – getting started

March 14, 2022 By Francis Porter

Model Construction

with Stephen Foster

When building any model from scratch, or converting one using either aftermarket parts or stock materials, the first step is to convince yourself that you really can do what you set out to do. Many people tell me that they cannot scratch build, but when I ask them have they ever tried the answer is usually no. Many are frightened of making mistakes, parts will not fit properly, or that they do not have the skills. If I ask them if they have experienced problems with parts that do not fit with kits and they usually reply yes. Then when I ask them what was their response to the problem with the kit I get one of two answers: either they used their skills to find a solution and completed the model, or they gave up and threw it away or put it on the shelf. Most modellers know how to correct mistakes with kits, add PE or aftermarket parts, fill and sand gaps, etc, which means that they also have many of the the skills required to scratch build a model. If you get involved with scratch building you are going to encounter similar problems to those that you encounter with older or limited run kits, and to succeed you have to apply a little skill to solve those problems. The sense of achievement when you succeed has to be experienced to be fully appreciated: the feeling gained from “I made that” is a very positive one, especially if, as most people do, you started the project questioning whether you really could make a model from scratch. Remember: you can because you think you can.

Start with something simple and carry out as much research as possible to ensure that you know what you will have to do. In the case of conversions this means knowing what has got to be changed or modified. In the case of scratch building it means deciding how the parts and sub-assemblies are going to be made and what materials will be needed to make them: think about how a kit manufacturer would break the model down into different parts. You will also need to know which tools you will require.

This is a short guide to help those who might be thinking about converting or scratch building a model where not all of the parts can be bought or found in the spares box, but are hesitating because they think that it may be too difficult for them. I have tried to illustrate as best as I can the different tools and techniques that I use. They will not suit everyone – modelling is a very personal past time – but I hope to show that most processes are not nearly as difficult as many imagine them to be, and are actually quite easy if you are prepared to have a try and occasionally fail and start again. I am.

I have used illustrations from a number of different models, most of which I have made in the past 10 years, and although some of them may look very complex and difficult, remember that I started with simple basic subjects and as I gained experience I chose more challenging ones. I have made many mistakes along the way, and I continue to do so because, like everyone else, that is how I learn best. After all, the person who never made a mistake never made anything. I just don’t give up or put my part completed models on the shelf or throw them away.

Read on…

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Painting Techniques

Weathering Techniques


Model Construction Techniques

  • A BEGINNER’S TUTORIAL – How to Build a 1:35 AFV Kit
  • ADDING DETAIL & SUPER DETAILING
    • Adding cast texture to turrets
    • Advantages of adding Photo Etch to your Armour kits – Video Demo
    • Aerial wires – creating realistic aerial wires
    • Annealing PE belts to soften and bend to shape – VIDEO DEMOS
    • Converting AIM-9 to AAM-3 of JASDF
    • FOD guards for jet aircraft intakes – make your own! – 7 VIDEO DEMOS
    • Making corrugated iron – Video Demo
    • Making a model tree
    • Making jet aircraft mirrors for canopies
    • Making jet landing gear retraction locks
    • Making oxygen hoses for aircraft cockpits – VIDEO DEMO
    • Making sandbags
    • Metal foil for seat belts and harness
    • Metal foil to detail undercarriage and stores
    • Mini Spares Box – do you have one?
    • Navigation lights – making wing tip navigation lights
    • Pre-painted Photo Etch (PE) Brass in cockpits
    • Quinta detail sets – how to add the F-14 detail set – VIDEO DEMO
    • Ship rigging
    • Spoked wheels for WWI Bi-planes
    • Spoked wheels – Re-spoking wheels on motorcycles
    • Stretched sprue for rigging, aerials and lots of uses! – VIDEO DEMO
    • Turret periscope lenses on AFVs – VIDEO DEMOS
  • ADDING IMPROVED PARTS
    • Adding resin parts, getting the fit right
    • How to use AMMO Anti-Slip Paste – VIDEO DEMO
    • Assembling and Burnishing Friul Tracks
    • Construction of a 1:700th scale Photo Etch catapult
    • Creating ship masts in brass – VIDEO DEMO
    • Eduard Superfabric seat belts (HGW) and how to use them – VIDEO DEMO
    • HGW Micro Textile Seatbelts
    • Hinges
    • Making curved metal parts – VIDEO DEMO
    • Making one-off new components
    • Type conversions
    • Vac-form canopies
    • Vacuum forming your own components
    • Working with Fruil Modelisimo metal tracks – VIDEO DEMOS
  • CANOPIES
    • Attaching clear parts
    • Broken glass effects
    • Dipping canopies and clear parts to improve clarity
    • Epoxy lights – how to make them – VIDEO DEMO
    • Polishing canopies
    • Polishing canopies using UMP 4-Part system – VIDEO DEMO
    • Removing mould seam lines from canopies – 4 VIDEO DEMOS
    • Seamless front windscreens on aircraft – 3 VIDEO DEMOS
    • Wing tip navigation and landing light covers – VIDEO DEMOS
  • CLAMPING & FIXING PARTS
    • Making individual track links
    • Model Clamp to hold your model
    • Mini pegs for holding small parts – VIDEO DEMO
  • CUTTING TOOLS, OTHER USEFUL TOOLS and GETTING UNDERWAY
    • Starting out on your first armour project
    • The DSPIAE MT-C Stepless Adjustment Circular Cutter
    • Gyro Cut swivel head cutting tool – VIDEO DEMO
    • Infini Easy cutting mat Type B – VIDEO DEMO
    • Knives, what Geoff C uses
    • Lighting your workbench
    • Magnetic Handle 60 by RP Toolz
    • Mini Long Nose Pliers – VIDEO DEMO
    • Mini Needle Files – VIDEO DEMO
    • Revell Precision Scraper – How to use it
    • Side cutters, important choices and decisions – VIDEO DEMO
    • Simple ideas for parts holders – VIDEO DEMO
    • Tweezers – great value set from Pixnor – VIDEO DEMO
    • Using the Flex-I-File and Touch and Flow applicator
    • Using a razor saw – VIDEO DEMO
  • DRILLS AND DRILLING
    • Drilling out gun ports on aircraft – VIDEO DEMO
    • Pin vice drills – using the Humbrol Pin Vice Drill – VIDEO DEMO
  • FILLER
    • Filling seams with Mr Surfacer
    • Milliput White as filler
    • Using PVA Glue as a filler
  • GLUES & GLUING
    • How To Use AMMO Cyanoacrylate Glues – HD VIDEO
    • Applying cyano (superglue) with an applicator with Andy Brown – HD VIDEO DEMO
    • Attaching clear parts – HD VIDEO DEMO
    • Getting started on a new project – glues, tools and approach with Andy Burton
    • Glues the choices and how to use them – 7 VIDEO DEMOS
    • Gluing deck sections using Pin Flow Applicator – VIDEO DEMO
    • Homemade cyano applicator
    • Pin Point Bottle Kit – VIDEO DEMO
    • Ultimate Glue Bottle Holder (for Tamiya glue) – VIDEO DEMO
    • Using liquid poly to join parts and avoid filling – VIDEO DEMO
    • Using polystyrene cement – HD VIDEO DEMO
  • IDF MODEL PROJECTS
    • Common errors with IDF models
  • KIT INSTRUCTIONS
    • Kit instructions – an introduction and tips
    • Making a plan
  • LIGHT and SOUND PROJECTS and RESOURCES
    • Adding light and sound to Revell 1.48 Bristol Beaufighter – VIDEO DEMO
    • Revell 1:32 F4U1A Corsair – VIDEO DEMO
    • Tamiya 1:32 De Havilland Mosquito FB.VI
    • Magic Scale Modelling Now
    • SmartFX Now
  • MAGNETS
    • Preventing aircraft with tricycle undercarriage from tail sitting – VIDEO DEMO
  • PHOTO ETCH
    • Advantages of adding Photo Etch to your Armour kits – VIDEO DEMO
    • Annealing PE belts to soften and bend to shape – VIDEO DEMOS
    • Pre-painted Photo Etch (PE) Brass in cockpits
    • Working with Photo Etch, getting started – VIDEO DEMO
  • PLANNING
    • Deciding on and planning your next project
  • PLANS
    • Questions, Thoughts and Resources for using plans
  • REFERENCE MATERIAL
    • Choosing and using reference material – Aircraft
    • Operation Northern Watch 1994-95 F-4G, EF-111A, Harrier GR5
  • REPAIRING MISTAKES, REINSTATING & CREATING SURFACE DETAIL
    • AMMO Scribing Tape, Straight Edge – How to use it – VIDEO DEMO
    • Filling seams with Mr Surfacer
    • Getting rid of mould ejector pin and sink marks – VIDEO DEMO
    • Hiding join lines inside engine cowls – VIDEO DEMOS
    • Improving overdone moulded rivet detail
    • Join lines: filling and getting rid of join lines – VIDEO DEMO
    • Mini chisel set to remove kit detail – VIDEO DEMOS
    • Oil Canning, how to create stressed metal effects – technique
    • How to use Plasticator Thin & Thick by AMMO – VIDEO DEMO
    • Removing ghost seam line joins – Micromesh – 2 VIDEO DEMOS
    • Repairing broken aircraft tail wheels – VIDEO DEMO
    • Riveting aircraft – VIDEO DEMOS
    • Scribing and re-scribing panel lines – VIDEO DEMO
    • Stressed metal effects on the Avro Lancaster
    • Stressed metal effects on panels – VIDEO DEMO
    • Using Dymo tape as a guide edge – VIDEO DEMO
  • RESIN
    • How to Use the AMMO Hot Dog Hot Air Gun – VIDEO DEMO
    • Removing the casting block from resin parts – VIDEO DEMO
    • ‘Resin Rookie’ – building your first resin armour kit
    • Thinking of trying a resin kit or accessory?
  • RIGGING
    • How to rig a WWI Albatros Bi-plane in 1.32 scale – 20 VIDEO DEMOS
    • How to rig a WWI Biplane with Dave Coward – preview
    • How To Use AMMO Rigging – VIDEO DEMOS
    • Ship Rigging
    • Stretched sprue for rigging, aerials and lots of uses! – VIDEO DEMO
  • RIVETING
    • Adding rivets using a pin vice drill – VIDEO DEMO
    • HGW Positive Rivets – how to apply them
    • Improving overdone moulded rivet detail
    • Revell Rivet Maker – 2 VIDEO DEMOS
    • Riveting aircraft – 2 VIDEO DEMOS
    • Rosie The Riveter – how to use this excellent tool – VIDEO DEMO
    • Using Dymo tape as a guide edge – VIDEO DEMO
    • Using a pin vice drill to enhance rivet detail = VIDEO DEMO
  • RUBBER-VINYL TYRES
    • Removing mould seam lines – VIDEO DEMO
    • Finishing Off – VIDEO DEMO
  • SAFETY
    • Basic safety equipment – introduction
    • IPMS(UK) Safety Advice for Modellers 2024
  • SANDING & POLISHING
    • DSPIAE Reciprocating Sander – product review – VIDEO DEMO
    • Fine-sanding alternative: the coffee filter ‘onion’
    • How to use Ultimate Modellers sanders, buffers and Skinny Sticks – VIDEO DEMO
    • Micromesh to get rid of paint demarcation lines
    • Micromesh Polishing Cloths – VIDEO DEMOS
    • Polishing canopies – VIDEO DEMO
    • Tools to get you started – sander and buffers
    • Ultimate Customisable Sanding Sheets – VIDEO DEMO
    • Using Albion Alloys plastic sanding needles – VIDEO DEMO
    • Using Micromesh to polish the paint surface – VIDEO DEMO
  • SCRATCHBUILDING
    • Scratchbuilding – getting started
    • Scratchbuilding an aero engine
  • SELECTING A KIT
    • Selecting a Kit
    • 1:48 Armour
  • SOLDERING
    • Soldering – how to do it
    • Soldering for scale modelling – an introduction
  • STORING PARTS DURING CONSTRUCTION
    • Plastic containers
  • TROUBLE-SHOOTING
    • Adding nose weight to stop tail-sitters
    • Stripping a Painted Model
  • OTHER
    • Fitting painted wheels, avoiding damage to painted areas

Disclaimer

While the hints, tips and advice in Scale Modelling Now magazine have worked for us, no guarantee is given that they will always work, that they are applicable to you or that there may be Health & Safety issues if you do follow the advice. It’s very much up to you to decide if you want to try them out. All relevant safety regulations regarding knives, adhesives, solvents, paints, etc. are implied.

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